Jeŋ muu fɛɛ - Adipic Acid ni hi fe fɛɛ: Tsumaa nibii ni he hiaa waa kɛha Polymers kɛ tsofai ni tsuɔ nii jogbaŋŋ

Gbɔmɔtsoŋ kɛ Tsofafeemɔ Nibii

Hefɛo kɛ Texture: Adipic Acid lɛ jieɔ ehe kpo akɛ powda yɛŋ, ni tamɔ kristalo loo kristalo bibii ni bɛ su. Eyɛ ŋmɔlɔŋmɔlɔ ni ebɛ ŋmɔlɔ yɛ shihilɛi ni sa mli, ni no haa ehiɔ kɛha nitsumɔi srɔtoi yɛ hei ni ehe hiaa ni mɔ ko aná henumɔ ni kɛ ehe wooo mli lɛ.
Solubility: Ejieɔ nu mli shwiemɔ ni fa fioo kpo, ni aaafee 1.44 g shwieɔ nu 100 mL mli yɛ 25°C. Shi kɛlɛ, eyɛ ŋmɔlɔ waa yɛ nibii ni wala yɔɔ mli tamɔ ethanol, acetone, kɛ benzene mli. Nɛkɛ tsɔne ni haa nu mli shwieɔ shi nɛɛ haa ekɛ ehe woɔ tsofai srɔtoi ni akɛtsuɔ nii kɛ nibii ni afee lɛ amli jogbaŋŋ.

Gbɔmɔtsoŋ nibii ni tsakeee: 146.14 g/mol. Ehe tsɔi lɛ miihe ashɛ 1.36 g/cm3 yɛ 25°C, ni eyɛ tsɔi fioo fe nu. Adipic acid lɛ mli la ni tsoɔ yɛ lɛ ji 152°C, ni tsɔɔ bɔ ni etsakeɔ kɛjɛɔ nɔ ko ni mli wa mli kɛyaa nu mli yɛ hulutsoo be ni mli wa shishi. He ni shãa lɛ baa yɛ 337.5°C, eyɛ mli akɛ ebaanyɛ eje shishi efite dani eshɛ nɛkɛ hulutsoo be nɛɛ he yɛ kɔɔyɔɔ mli hewalɛ shishi moŋ. E-flash point ji 207°C, ni tsɔɔ akɛ ehe miihia ni hulutsoo be ni mli wa waa kɛ la ni tsoɔ lɛ jɛɛhei aba koni ekɛ la ni tsoɔ lɛ aba.

Tsofai ni tsuɔ nii: Ákɛ dicarboxylic acid lɛ, adipic acid lɛ yɛ carboxyl nitsumɔ kui enyɔ (-COOH), ni haa enáa tsofai ni haa mɔ tsui nyɔɔ emli waa. Ekɛ ehe woɔ esterification nifeemɔi amli oya kɛ dãai, ni efeɔ esters ni akɛtsuɔ nii babaoo yɛ plastic, muji, kɛ tsofai ni haa mɔ he jɔɔ lɛ afeemɔ mli. Kɛfata he lɛ, ebaanyɛ ekɛ diamines afee ekome kɛtsɔ nu ni mli edɔ ni efee polyamides, titri lɛ nylon 6,6. Nɛkɛ polymerization nifeemɔ nɛɛ ji shishitoo tɛ ni akɛfee fiber kɛ tsɔne he plastic nitsumɔhei lɛ. Adipic acid lɛ hu baanyɛ atsɔ sɛɛkuu mli nifeemɔi amli ni ekɛfee dãa ni sa ni ebaanyɛ ekɛ bases afee ŋmei, ni ale lɛ akɛ adipates.

He ni Akɛtsuɔ Nii yɛ

Poliamide (Nailon) feemɔ: Adipic acid nitsumɔ ni da fe fɛɛ ni he hiaa fe fɛɛ lɛ damɔ polyamides feemɔ nɔ, titri lɛ nylon 6,6. Yɛ nɛkɛ gbɛ nɔ lɛ, adipic acid kɛ hexamethylenediamine feɔ ekome yɛ tsɔne ni haa nu mli tsɔɔ lɛ mli. Nylon 6,6 ni jɛɔ mli baa lɛ ji tsɔne he plastic ni tsuɔ nii jogbaŋŋ ni ehe gbɛi waa yɛ ehewalɛ, esɛɛfimɔ, nyɛmɔi ni shwieɔ shi, kɛ tsɔnei ahe nibii ni hi jogbaŋŋ lɛ hewɔ. Akɛ Nylon 6,6 tsuɔ nii babaoo yɛ tsɔnei ahe nitsumɔhe lɛ kɛha nibii tamɔ tsɔne lɛ mli nibii, tsɔne mli tsɔnei, kɛ tsɔne mli tsɔnei ahe nibii. Eji nɔ ko ni he hiaa waa hu yɛ atadei ahe nitsumɔ mli, he ni akɛtsuɔ nii kɛfeɔ atadei ni hi jogbaŋŋ kɛha atadei, kapɛtii, kɛ tsɔnei ni akɛwoɔ tsɔne mli lɛ yɛ hewalɛ, shifimɔ, kɛ nyɛmɔ ni eyɔɔ ni ekɛhiɛɔ tsɔnei ni akɛwoɔ tsɔne mli lɛ jogbaŋŋ lɛ hewɔ.

Plasticizer kɛ Mu: Akɛ adipic acid tsuɔ nii kɛfeɔ plastic ni akɛ adipate - tsuɔ nii yɛ mli. Akɛ nɛkɛ plastic nibii nɛɛ woɔ polymers, titri lɛ polyvinyl chloride (PVC) lɛ amli koni ekɛha amɛhe afee mlɛo, amɛtsu nii jogbaŋŋ, ni amɛhi shi be kakadaŋŋ. Adipate plasticizers ji nɔ ni asumɔɔ yɛ nitsumɔi ni he hiaa ni hulutsoo be lɛ baa shi lɛ mli, tamɔ yɛ tsɔne mli wayai ni akɛwoɔ tsɔne mli, tsofafeemɔ mli tsɔnei, kɛ PVC nibii ni nyɛɔ eshiɔ fɛ̃i lɛ afeemɔ mli. Kɛfata he lɛ, akɛ esters ni jɛɔ adipic acid mli lɛ tsuɔ nii akɛ tsofa ni akɛwoɔ tsɔne mli yɛ nitsumɔhei srɔtoi, ni ehaa tsɔnei ni fiteɔ nii kɛ tsɔnei ni shwieɔ shi lɛ ahe hewalɛ ni hi jogbaŋŋ, ni ehi jogbaŋŋ akɛ akɛtsuɔ nii yɛ tsɔnei, tsɔnei ahe nibii, kɛ tsɔnei krokomɛi amli.

Niyenii kɛ Nibii ni Anuɔ Nitsumɔhe (Ni Akɛtsuɔ Nii Tɛ̃ɛ): Yɛ be mli ni adipic acid lɛ bɛ niyenii mli tɛ̃ɛ lɛ, akɛtsuɔ nii yɛ niyenii - nibii ni akɛtswaa mɔ he kɛ niyenii - nitsumɔ nibii afeemɔ mli. E esters, kɛ akɛtsu nii yɛ coatings kɛ sealants kɛha niyenii - nibii ni akɛwoɔ tsɔne mli lɛ, yeɔ ebuaa ni akwɛɔ niyenii ni afee lɛ anɔkwayeli kɛ shweshweeshwefeemɔ nɔ kɛtsɔ mujiwoo ni tsiɔ naa kɛ nibii ni afee lɛ ehee lɛ nɔkwɛmɔ nɔ. Kɛfata he lɛ, abaanyɛ akɛ adipic acid - based polymers atsu nii yɛ nibii ni akɛtsuɔ nii ni kɛ niyenii kpeɔ yɛ be mli ni atsuɔ he nii lɛ afeemɔ mli, tamɔ tsɔnei ni akɛwoɔ tsɔne mli kɛ tsɔnei ni akɛwoɔ tsɔne mli.

Tsofafeemɔ kɛ tsofafeemɔ nitsumɔhei: Yɛ tsofafeemɔ nitsumɔhe lɛ, abaanyɛ akɛ adipic acid atsu nii akɛ nɔ ni yeɔ ebuaa yɛ tsofafeemɔ mli. Ebaanyɛ etsu nii akɛ nɔ ko ni tsiɔ tsofai ni akɛtsuɔ nii kɛ tsofai ni akɛwoɔ mli lɛ amli pH lɛ naa, ni ehaa tsofai lɛ hiɔ shi jogbaŋŋ ni amɛtsuɔ nii jogbaŋŋ. Yɛ tsofai ni akɛsaa mɔ he lɛ amli lɛ, akɛ adipic acid esters tsuɔ nii yɛ nibii srɔtoi tamɔ krim, tsofai ni akɛwoɔ mɔ he, kɛ tsofai ni akɛwoɔ mɔ daaŋ, koni ekɛha hewolo lɛ afee fɛo, ni eha ehe agbɛ ashwã, ni ekɛ nibii ni haa mɔ he jɔɔ lɛ aha, ni eha hewolo lɛ afee bɔdɔɔ ni efee ŋmɔlɔŋmɔlɔ.

Gbɛi ni Atsɔɔ nɔ Asaa He

Saikloheksan oksideshin: Enɛ ji gbɛ ni fe fɛɛ ni atsɔɔ nɔ afeɔ adipic acid. Nifeemɔ lɛ jeɔ shishi kɛ cyclohexane ni ji oksideshin yɛ nɔ ko ni haa nɔ ko yaa hiɛ lɛ hiɛ, titri lɛ nɔ ko ni damɔ cobalt nɔ. Yɛ klɛŋklɛŋ - fã ni ji oksideshin lɛ mli lɛ, cyclohexane kɛ kɔɔyɔɔ loo kɔɔyɔɔ ni haa wala yibii lɛ feɔ ekome ni efeɔ cyclohexanol kɛ cyclohexanone ni efutu, nifeemɔ ko ni ale lɛ akɛ "KA fɔ" (ketone - dãa fɔ) gbɛjianɔtoo. Akɛ hulutsoo be ni miihe ashɛ 150 - 160°C kɛ 1 - 1.5 MPa mli hewalɛ tsuɔ nii. No sɛɛ lɛ, KA fɔ lɛ yaa hiɛ yɛ nɔ ni ji enyɔ - fã ni ji enyɔ lɛ mli ni akɛ nitric acid tsuɔ nii akɛ nɔ ni haa hulutsoo lɛ yaa hiɛ, bei pii lɛ yɛ hulutsoo be ni ji 60 - 80°C kɛ kɔɔyɔɔ mli hewalɛ mli. Nɛkɛ nɔ ni ji enyɔ nɛɛ - fã ni ji oksideshin lɛ tsakeɔ cyclohexanol kɛ cyclohexanone lɛ ewoɔ adipic acid mli. Shi kɛlɛ, gbɛ nɛɛ yɛ shihilɛ mli naagbai komɛi, ejaakɛ nitric acid ni akɛtsuɔ nii lɛ jieɔ nitrous oxide (N2O), ni ji kɔɔyɔɔ ni haa jeŋ dɔɔ lɛ waa, ni ebiɔ ni akwɛ jwɛi ni hoɔ lɛ nɔ jogbaŋŋ.

Biotɛknɔlɔji gbɛi: Yɛ nyɛsɛɛ afii nɛɛ amli lɛ, miishɛɛ ni yaa hiɛ yɛ gbɛi ni atsɔɔ nɔ afeɔ adipic acid lɛ he lɛ miiya hiɛ. Abaanyɛ akɛ nibii bibii ni wala yɔɔ amɛmli, tamɔ bacteria loo yeast ni afee lɛ ehee lɛ atsu nii ni akɛtsake niyenii ni anyɛɔ atsakeɔ, tamɔ sugars loo fɔ ni jɛ tsei amli, awo adipic acid mli kɛtsɔ gbɛi ni atsɔɔ nɔ atsakeɔ niyenii lɛ amli. Nɔkwɛmɔnɔ, abaanyɛ afee muawai komɛi koni amɛfee nibii ni yɔɔ teŋgbɛ ni abaanyɛ atsake amɛ awo adipic acid mli ekoŋŋ. Yɛ be mli ni nɛkɛ nibii ni wala yɔɔ mli ahe nilee gbɛi nɛɛ yɔɔ shweremɔ mli lolo ni amɛkɛ naagbai ni kɔɔ nibii ni anáa kɛ shika ni akɛtsuɔ nii lɛ he kpeɔ lɛ, amɛhaa hegbɛ ni akɛfeɔ adipic acid ni kɛ shihilɛ kpãaa gbee ni sɛɛ tsɛɔ babaoo wɔsɛɛ.

Gbɛjianɔtoi

Hewalɛ Osharai: Adipic acid baanyɛ aha hewolo kɛ hiŋmɛii amli afee ŋmɔlɔŋmɔlɔ kɛji akɛ ekɛ mɔ ko kpe tɛ̃ɛ. Hewolo nɔ ni ajieɔ lɛ kpo be kakadaŋŋ loo shii abɔ lɛ baanyɛ aha hewolo nɔ hela aba, ni kɛji eba hiŋmɛi lɛ he lɛ, ebaanyɛ eha hiŋmɛi lɛ afee tɔrɔmɔɔ, piŋmɔ, ni ebaanyɛ efite hiŋmɛi lɛ. Adipic acid ni ji sũ mli nibii bibii ni amuɔ lɛ baanyɛ aha mumɔ gbɛ lɛ mli afu, ni ekɛ ŋmɔlɔ, ŋmɔlɔ, kɛ mumɔ ni sɛɛ tsɛɔ aba. Adipic acid babaoo ni ayeɔ lɛ baanyɛ aha mɔ mli ajɔ lɛ, ni nɔ ni fata he ji shwiemɔ, shwiemɔ, kɛ shwiemɔ. Esa akɛ nitsulɔi ni tsuɔ adipic acid he nii lɛ awo nibii ni sa ni buɔ mɔ he, tamɔ glɔvs, shweshweeshwefeemɔ he ŋmɛlɛtswai, kɛ mumɔ he nibii ni akɛbuɔ mɔ he, titri lɛ yɛ hei ni sũ baanyɛ aba lɛ.

La kɛ Tsɔɔmɔ Osharai: Eyɛ mli akɛ adipic acid lɛ yɛ la ni tsoɔ waa moŋ, shi eyɛ la ni tsoɔ waa. Yɛ powda mli lɛ, ebaanyɛ ekɛ kɔɔyɔɔ afutu nibii ni tswaa kɛji akɛ egbɛ eshwa bɔ ni sa. Esa akɛ ajie hei ni akɛ nibii toɔ lɛ kɛjɛ hei ni la shãa, ni kɔɔyɔɔ kpakpa he miihia koni sũ akabua ehe naa. Kɛji la ni adipic acid fata he lɛ, esa akɛ akɛ la - nibii ni sa, tamɔ tsofa-kɛ-ŋma powda ni egbi loo carbon dioxide atsu nii.

Shihilɛ mli hewalɛ: Adipic acid lɛ hiɔ shi yɛ shihilɛ mli yɛ gbɛ ni sa nɔ. Kɛji ajie lɛ awo nu mli lɛ, nibii bibii ni wala yɔɔ amɛmli lɛ baanyɛ afite lɛ yɛ be ni sa mli, shi kɛji eyɛ babaoo lɛ, ebaanyɛ ená nu mli wala nɔ hewalɛ lolo. Ebaanyɛ ená nu gbɛjianɔtoi lɛ amli pH hu nɔ hewalɛ yɛ bɔ ni eyɔɔ acidic lɛ hewɔ. No hewɔ lɛ, jwɛi ni akɛtsuɔ nii jogbaŋŋ kɛ gbɛi ni atsɔɔ nɔ akwɛɔ nɔ jogbaŋŋ lɛ he miihia waa koni akɛtsi adipic acid ni ajieɔ kɛyaa shihilɛ mli ni akudɔɔɔ lɛ naa. Esa akɛ nitsumɔhei ni feɔ adipic acid loo amɛkɛtsuɔ nii lɛ aye shihilɛ he mlai ni mli wa anɔ koni ekɛba shikpɔŋ, nu, kɛ kɔɔyɔɔ nɔ hewalɛ ni eyɔɔ lɛ shi.

Nibii pɔtɛɛ

Wolo ni Kwɛɔ Nɔ ni Hi jogbaŋŋ lɛ Nɔ